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	<title>Lexiophiles &#187; Languages</title>
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	<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com</link>
	<description>Love Your Words...</description>
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		<title>Czech food in Austrian German</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-food-in-austrian-german</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-food-in-austrian-german#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2012 10:00:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Katerina</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Curious]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Czech Food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=22127</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[What is the reason for the penetration of big German language with the small Slavic language? Why are buchty (Czech cakes) called Buchteln in Austria? Why is the Czech feast called vídeňský řízek? In this article you will discover how Czech food became Austrian-German. Enjoy!
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/plumbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Why are buchty (Czech cakes) called Buchteln in Austria? And why is the Czech feast called vídeňský řízek (Wienerschnitzel)? And why do the Austrians never harvest Johannisbeeren (currants) but Ribisel? In this article you will discover how Czech food got to Austrian German.</p>
<p>Let´s begin with side dishes:</p>
<p>•	<strong>Brambory (Czech) – Bramburi (Austrian German) </strong>– Kartoffeln (German) – potatoes </p>
<p>•	<strong>Knedlík (Czech) – Knödel (Austrian German) </strong> – Kloß (German) – dumpling</p>
<p>And what about vegetables?</p>
<p>•	<strong>Křen (Czech)– Kren (Austrian German) </strong> – Meerretich (German) - horseradish. The Czech name probably comes from the word kořen (root).</p>
<p>•	<strong>Celer (Czech) – Zeller (Austrian German)</strong> – Sellerie (German) – celery. The Austrian-German word has the same pronunciation as the Czech one.</p>
<p>There are also “language siblings” among fruits:</p>
<p>•	<strong>Rybíz (Czech) – Ribisel (Austrian German)</strong> – Johannisbeeren (German) – currants</p>
<p>•	<strong>Švestky (Czech) – Zwetschken (Austrian German)</strong> – Pflaumen (German) – plums</p>
<p>The Czech language enriched the Austrian-German particularly in the area of sweet dishes:</p>
<p>•	<strong>Povidlové buchty (Czech) – Buchteln (or Wuchteln) mit Powideln (Austrian German).</strong> Povidlové buchty are traditional Czech cake with plum sauce inside. Look at the working procedure and try them on your own! The best link to the recipe for <a href="http://www.tschechische-kueche.de/buchty/">povidlové buchty</a> with demonstrative pictures is peculiarly in German. </p>
<p>•	<strong>Lívance (Czech) – Liwanzen (Austrian German)</strong> – Fladen (German) – pancake</p>
<p>•	<strong>Palačinky (Czech) – Palatschinken (Austrian German)</strong>  – Pfannkuchen (German) – crepes</p>
<p>•	<strong>Koláče (Czech) –  Kolatschen (Austrian German)</strong> – Kuchen (German) – cake</p>
<p>However, the most famous among the foreigners is obviously alcohol:</p>
<p>•	<strong>Plzeň </strong>(called Pils in German) is a Czech city, where the most popular Czech beer is brewed – <a href="http://www.pilsner-urquell.com">Plzeňský prazdroj</a>. “Pils” is a German equivalent for ale beer and doesn't even have to come from Plzeň.</p>
<p>•	<strong>Slivovice (Czech) – Slibowitz or Sliwowitz (Austrian German)</strong> – Pflaumenschnaps (German) – plum brandy. </p>
<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/currentsbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Well, so what is the reason for the penetration of big German language with the small Slavic language? The Czech and Austrian people used to live hundreds of years together in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg_Monarchy">Habsburg Monarchy</a>. Czechs used to go to Austria for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journeyman_years">journeyman years</a>, especially to Vienna. Vienna was closer than Prague for many people from Moravia. It is said, Czech cooks and craftsmen were sought-after. So it’s no surprise that during so many years both languages were intertwined. And not just languages – also the tastes: one of the most popular dishes in the Czech Republic is the Wienerschnitzel. Wienerschnitzel is made with boneless meat thinned with a mallet (escalope-style preparation), coated in bread crumbs and fried. You can find it in every Czech restaurant!</p>
<p>Of course, there are also a lot of German words, which became naturalized in Czech. Let's mention for example Strudel (German) – štrůdl (colloquial Czech) – závin (standard Czech), Erdäpfel – erteple (colloquial Czech) – brambory (standard Czech) or other words not connected with gastronomy. However, that could be a theme of the next article.</p>
<p>PS: I'm looking forward for your comments about your experience with buchty!</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/ceske-jidlo-v-rakouske-nemcine">[Čeština]</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>České jídlo v rakouské němčině</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/ceske-jidlo-v-rakouske-nemcine</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/ceske-jidlo-v-rakouske-nemcine#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2012 10:00:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Katerina</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Čeština]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Curious]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Czech Food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=22131</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Proč se buchtám v Rakousku říká Buchteln? A proč se české sváteční jídlo jmenuje vídeňský řízek? A proč Rakušané nikdy nesbírají Johannisbeeren, ale Ribisel? V dnešním článku se dozvíte, jak se české jídlo dostalo do rakouské němčiny. Začněme třeba přílohami: • Brambory – Bramburi (Rakousko) – Kartoffeln (Německo) • Knedlík – Knödel (Rakousko) – Kloß [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/plumbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Proč se buchtám v Rakousku říká Buchteln? A proč se české sváteční jídlo jmenuje vídeňský řízek? A proč Rakušané nikdy nesbírají Johannisbeeren, ale Ribisel?  V dnešním článku se dozvíte, jak se české jídlo dostalo do rakouské němčiny.</p>
<p>Začněme třeba přílohami: </p>
<p>•	<strong>Brambory – Bramburi</strong> (Rakousko) – Kartoffeln (Německo)</p>
<p>•	<strong>Knedlík – Knödel</strong> (Rakousko) – Kloß (Německo)</p>
<p>A co zelenina? </p>
<p>•	<strong>Křen – Kren (Rakousko)</strong> – Meerretich (Německo). Český název pravděpodobně pochází ze slova kořen. </p>
<p>•	<strong>Celer – Zeller (Rakousko)</strong> – Sellerie (Německo). Rakouský způsob zápisu se pouze přizpůsobuje české výslovnosti.</p>
<p>I mezi ovocem se najdou jazykoví sourozenci:</p>
<p>•	<strong>Rybíz – Ribisel (Rakousko)</strong> – Johanisbeeren (Německo)</p>
<p>•	<strong>Švestky – Zwetschken (Rakousko)</strong> – Pflaumen (Německo)</p>
<p>Čeština ale obohatila rakouskou němčinu hlavně v oblasti sladkých jídel:</p>
<p>•	Pověstné jsou zejména <strong>povidlové buchty - Buchteln (nebo Wuchteln) mit Powideln </strong>. Podívejte se, jak se takové buchty dělají, a vyzkoušejte sami! Odkaz na <a href="http://www.tschechische-kueche.de/buchty/">recept</a> tradičních českých povidlových buchet s názornými obrázky je příznačně v němčině. </p>
<p>•	<strong>Lívance – Liwanzen (Rakousko)</strong> – Fladen (Německo)</p>
<p>•	<strong>Palačinky – Palatschinken (Rakousko)</strong> – Pfannkuchen (Německo)</p>
<p>•	<strong>Koláče – Kolatschen (Rakousko)</strong> – Kuchen (Německo)</p>
<p>Mezi cizinci asi nejznámější je ale alkohol: </p>
<p>•	<strong>Plzeň</strong> je město, kde se vaří nejznámější české pivo – <a href="http://www.pilsner-urquell.com">Plzeňský Prazdroj</a>. V němčině je synonymum světlého piva právě <strong>Pilsner, Pilsener, Pils</strong>. A ani nemusí být z Plzně. </p>
<p>•	A něco ostřejšího? Třeba <strong>slivovice - Slibowitz, Sliwowitz (Rakousko)</strong> – Pflaumenschnaps (Německo). Pálenka ze švestek, kterou Češi často vyrábí z vlastních švestek.</p>
<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/currentsbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>A kde je tedy ten důvod k prolínání velkého germánkého a malého slovanského jazyka?  Češi a Rakušané prožili mnoho set let společně v <a href="http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsbursk%C3%A1_monarchie">Habsburské monarchii</a>. Z českých zemí se často chodilo <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journeyman_years">na zkušenou</a> do Rakouska, obzvlášť do Vídně, protože byla pro mnoho Moravanů blíž než třeba Praha. Říká se, že české kuchařky a čeští řemeslníci byli v Rakousku velmi vyhledávaní. Není se proto čemu divit, že se během tolika let oba jazyky propletly. A nejen jazyky – i chutě: v Česku je jedním z nejoblíbenějších tradičních jídel vídeňský řízek. Je to řízek obalovaný v trojobalu a smažený na pánvi. Najdete ho v každé restauraci! </p>
<p>Samozřejmě, že darování slov probíhalo i opačně. Jen namátkou zmiňme třeba štrůdl (hezky česky závin, německy Strudel) nebo erteple (hezky česky brambory, rakousky Erdäpfel). Čeština přejala z němčiny i mnoho dalších slov, které už se gastronomie netýkají, ale o tom zase někdy příště.</p>
<p>PS: Těším se na komentáře o českých buchtách!</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-food-in-austrian-german">[English]</a></p>
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		<title>The Scandinavian Brotherhood</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/the-scandinavian-brotherhood</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/the-scandinavian-brotherhood#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Jan 2012 10:00:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Helle</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Danish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=22012</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The three Scandinavian languages Danish, Norwegian and Swedish are so similar, that if you’re fluent in one, you have to put in very little work in order to learn to read and understand the other two.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/vikingbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" />  </p>
<p>When people outside of Denmark ask me about my native language, Danish, I always say that learning Danish is sort of a “learn one – get two for free” deal. By that I mean that the three Scandinavian languages Danish, Norwegian and Swedish are so similar, that if you’re fluent in one, you have to put in very little work in order to learn to read and understand the other two. But unfortunately, reading is one thing, listening and understanding is quite another. </p>
<p>When I last visited Sweden, I was at a conference in Malmö and went up to the lady at the reception desk at the conference to get my ID-card. This is how the conversation went: Lady (in Swedish): “Hello, welcome, what’s your name and what company are you with?” Me (in Danish): “Hi, I’m Helle and I’m with XX-company.” Lady (looks like someone just hit her over the head with a hammer and continues very slowly and carefully in English): “WHAT IS YOUR NAME?” </p>
<p>This little incident neatly illustrates how it’s not always the ability, but also the will to understand one another that factors in when communicating across languages. The Scandinavian countries have a long, common history, they <a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/does-it-take-a-nation-to-be-a-language">used to be one country</a> and even though this is a long time ago, to this day, we still lead a love-hate-relationship. We Danes love to think of the Norwegians as sweater-wearing fishermen, and to consider the Swedes… Well… <a href="http://satwcomic.com/mean-names">Swedes</a>. In fact, since many Danes can’t hear the difference between Swedish and Norwegian, Swedish tourists might opt for passing as Norwegians when travelling in Denmark in order to get better service. </p>
<p>As disturbing as this is, I do like to think that the relationship between the Scandinavian countries is similar to that of siblings: We might tease and mock each other, but when the going gets rough, we <a href="http://satwcomic.com/they-re-so-stupid">have eachother’s back</a>. Check out more funny-because-they’re-true cartoons at <a href="http://satwcomic.com/">satwcomic.com</a>! </p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/dansk/det-skandinaviske-broderskab">[Dansk]</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Det skandinaviske broderskab</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/dansk/det-skandinaviske-broderskab</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/dansk/det-skandinaviske-broderskab#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Jan 2012 10:00:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Helle</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Dansk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Danish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=22015</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Når folk uden for Danmark spørger ind til mit modersmål, dansk, siger jeg altid, at hvis man beslutter sig for at lære dansk er det en slags ”lær ét – få to gratis” investering. Med det mener jeg, at de tre skandinaviske sprog, dansk, norsk og svensk, er så ens, at hvis man er flydende [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/vikingbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" />  </p>
<p>Når folk uden for Danmark spørger ind til mit modersmål, dansk, siger jeg altid, at hvis man beslutter sig for at lære dansk er det en slags ”lær ét – få to gratis” investering. Med det mener jeg, at de tre skandinaviske sprog, dansk, norsk og svensk, er så ens, at hvis man er flydende i et, kræver det kun en lille indsats for at lære at læse og forstå de andre to sprog. Men desværre er det at læse et sprog én ting, det at høre og forstå en helt anden. </p>
<p>Sidst jeg var i Sverige deltog jeg i en konference i Malmø, og da jeg skulle tjekke ind ved damen på konferencen for at få mit ID-kort fandt følgende optrin sted: Dame (på svensk): ”Goddag og velkommen, hvad hedder du og hvilket firma er du her med?” Mig (på dansk): Hej, jeg hedder Helle og jeg er her med firma XX.” Dame (ligner en der lige er blevet slået i hovedet med en hammer og fortsætter langsomt og tydeligt på engelsk): ”HVAD ER DIT NAVN?”</p>
<p>Denne lille episode illustrerer ret fint forskellen mellem evnen og viljen til at kommunikere på tværs af to sprog. De skandinaviske lande deler en lang, fælles historie, de var en gang <a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/dansk/gar-sprog-og-nationer-hand-i-hand">et land</a>, og selvom det er lang tid siden, elsker vi stadig at hade hinanden den dag i dag. Vi danskere elsker at forestille os nordmændene som en folk fiskere iført hjemmestrik og sivsko, og svenskerne er vel… Hm… <a href="http://satwcomic.com/mean-names">svenskere</a>! Siden de fleste danskere ikke kan høre forskel på svensk og norsk vil svenske turister måske vælge at fortælle folk de kommer fra Norge for at få bedre service når de holder ferie i Danmark. </p>
<p>Dette er ret foruroligende, men jeg mener nu stadig, at forholdet mellem de skandinaviske lande ligner det forhold der er mellem søskende: Det kan godt være vi driller og gør grin med hinanden, men når det virkelig gælder, <a href="http://satwcomic.com/they-re-so-stupid">står vi sammen</a>. Besøg <a href="http://satwcomic.com/">satwcomic.com</a> og mor dig kosteligt! Det er sjovt, fordi det er sandt!       </p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/the-scandinavian-brotherhood">[English]</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Read &amp; Learn</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/read-learn</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/read-learn#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2012 10:11:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Areli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Learning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reading]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21982</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One of the best ways to improve our language skills is through reading habits. It is always good to immerse yourself in the culture that has adopted a specific language and their books are always a huge source of knowledge. ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/atouchoffaithbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>A while ago, I wrote an article related to <a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/how-popular-is-the-spanish-language">Spanish language popularity</a>. It’s not a language difficult to learn and pronunciation is piece of cake (except for “R” because some cultures have trouble with its pronunciation).</p>
<p>One of the best ways to improve our pronunciation is through reading habits. In addition to the big amount of new words and vocabulary that you will learn, reading out loud will help you to improve Spanish pronunciation, articulation and spelling. </p>
<p>The Latin American culture has a great list of writers. The majority of them were part of the social movement better known as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_American_Boom">Latin American Boom</a> and the number of books written by them is quite big and enough for you to practice and learn native Spanish from different countries.</p>
<p>From novels to politics documents, these writers are extremely important for basic education in Latin America and thanks to them and some reading habits, millions of young people are able to differentiate how Spanish is modified and used all along the continent.</p>
<p>Among the greatest Latin American writers you’ll find:</p>
<p>1.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a> (Colombia)</p>
<p>2.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Allende">Isabel Allende</a> (Chile) </p>
<p>3.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavio_Paz">Octavio Paz</a> (Mexico)</p>
<p>4.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a> (Chile)</p>
<p>5.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Fuentes">Carlos Fuentes</a> (Mexico)</p>
<p>6.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges">José Luis Borges</a> (Argentina)</p>
<p>7.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sabines">Jaime Sabines</a> (Mexico)</p>
<p>8.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (Peru)</p>
<p>9.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Benedetti">Mario Benedetti</a> (Uruguay)</p>
<p>10.	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD">José Martí</a> (Cuba)</p>
<p>In spite of the fact that they are not included in this list, there are 2 Mexican writers that can make you laugh and cry from one minute to another. Claudia Celis and Ángeles Matretta wrote “Donde habitan los ángeles” and “Arráncame la vida” respectively. Their books describe love in different situations and they are written in simple Spanish with a touch of Mexican slang.</p>
<p>So...if you want to learn any language, it is always good to immerse yourself in the culture that has adopted that specific language. Books are important for any culture and they are a huge source of knowledge. Regarding Spanish books, they will enable you to know more about different cities and different words used for example in Colombia or Mexico.</p>
<p>Remember that <a href="http://en.bab.la/dictionary/">bab.la</a> will help you to translate all the words you don’t understand. I strongly recommend writing down all the new vocabulary and without even noticing you’ll start to understand the language you are learning.</p>
<p>If you want to know a bit more about reading benefits for language learning check out this <a href="http://languagefixation.wordpress.com/2009/09/19/intensive-and-extensive-reading/">article</a>, it’s really interesting!</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/espanol/leer-para-aprender">[Español]</a></p>
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		<title>Leer para Aprender</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/espanol/leer-para-aprender</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/espanol/leer-para-aprender#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Jan 2012 10:11:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Areli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Learning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reading]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21985</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hace tiempo dediqué uno de mis artículos a la popularidad del español. No es un idioma complicado de aprender y mucho menos de pronunciar (a excepción de la R que para muchas culturas es muy difícil de pronunciar). Una de las mejores formas de mejorar la pronunciación es a través de la lectura. Además de [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/atouchoffaithbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Hace tiempo dediqué uno de mis artículos a la <a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/espanol/%C2%BFque-tan-popular-es-el-espanol">popularidad del español</a>. No es un idioma complicado de aprender y mucho menos de pronunciar (a excepción de la R que para muchas culturas es muy difícil de pronunciar).</p>
<p>Una de las mejores formas de mejorar la pronunciación es a través de la lectura. Además de la cantidad de vocabulario que se puede aprender, leer en voz alta puede ayudar a perfeccionar la articulación y pronunciación de términos en español.</p>
<p>La cultura latinoamericana tiene una gran lista de escritores, muchos de los cuáles  pertenecen al movimiento conocido como <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom_latinoamericano#Las_influencias_literarias">”Boom Latinoamericano”</a>, y la cantidad de libros que han escrito es bastante grande y suficiente para practicar español nativo de los distintos países que conforman el continente latinoamericano. </p>
<p>Desde novelas románticas hasta temas políticos, éstos escritores forman parte de la educación básica de miles de jóvenes latinoamericanos y gracias a la lectura es que podemos comprender muchos de los términos que tienen diferentes usos en los países hispanohablantes.</p>
<p>Entre los más destacados escritores lationoamericanos se encuentran:</p>
<p>1.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a> (Colombia)</p>
<p>2.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Allende">Isabel Allende</a> (Chile) </p>
<p>3.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavio_Paz">Octavio Paz</a> (México)</p>
<p>4.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a> (Chile)</p>
<p>5.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Fuentes">Carlos Fuentes</a> (México)</p>
<p>6.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges">José Luis Borges</a> (Argentina)</p>
<p>7.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sabines">Jaime Sabines</a> (México)</p>
<p>8.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (Perú)</p>
<p>9.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Benedetti">Mario Benedetti</a> (Uruguay)</p>
<p>10.	<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD">José Martí</a> (Cuba)</p>
<p>A pesar de no estar incluidas en ésta lista, existen 2 escritoras mexicanas que han hecho llorar y reír a muchos. Claudia Celis y Ángeles Mastretta, quienes escribieron “Donde habitan los ángeles” y “Arráncame la vida” respectivamente, tienen por tema principal el amor. Sus libros están redactados de manera simple y a través del pintoresco español mexicano describen una serie de sucesos que llevan de las lágrimas a las carcajadas de un minuto a otro.</p>
<p>Para aprender un idioma entonces es recomendable sumergirte en la cultura que lo ha adoptado y los libros son una fuente enorme de conocimiento no sólo de lugares sino también de las distintas formas en que el español se usa en toda latinoamerica. </p>
<p>Recuerda que <a href="http://es.bab.la/diccionario/espanol-ingles/">bab.la</a> te puede ayudar a traducir las palabras que no entiendas. Te recomiendo que las escribas en algún cuaderno y sin darte cuenta empezarás a entender con mayor profundidad aquel idioma que estés aprendiendo. </p>
<p>Si quieres saber un poco más acerca de cómo aprender un idioma a través de la lectura, checa éste <a href="http://languagefixation.wordpress.com/2009/09/19/intensive-and-extensive-reading/">artículo</a> escrito en inglés pero extremadamente interesante.</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/read-learn">[English]</a></p>
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		<title>Vad man inte ska kalla poliser när man är utomlands</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/svenska/vad-man-inte-ska-kalla-poliser-nar-man-ar-utomlands</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/svenska/vad-man-inte-ska-kalla-poliser-nar-man-ar-utomlands#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jan 2012 10:00:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Svenska]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Popular words]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slang]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21783</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Snut, farbror blå, bängen, aina, bylingen, potatisgris. Namnen för vårt lands upprätthållare av lag och ordning är många. Så även i utlandet. Om man ska leta efter slangord på andra språk är polisen och polisman bra ord att börja med. Folk verkar älska att hitta på alternativa benämningar för dessa. Anledningarna till detta kan man [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/smilingpolicemanbig.jpg" alt="" align="left" /></p>
<p>Snut, farbror blå, bängen, aina, bylingen, potatisgris. Namnen för vårt lands upprätthållare av lag och ordning är många. Så även i utlandet. Om man ska leta efter slangord på andra språk är polisen och polisman bra ord att börja med. Folk verkar älska att hitta på alternativa benämningar för dessa. Anledningarna till detta kan man förstås bara spekulera i. Kanske är det för att folk har respekt för polisen och kanske till och med är lite rädda för dem. </p>
<p>Det man är rädd för försöker man ju som bekant ibland förlöjliga eller parodisera för att göra det mindre skrämmande. Självklart härstammar många slanguttryck från kriminella kretsar som genom dessa namn uttrycker ilska eller använder dem som kodord. Vanligt verkar också vara anspelningar på färgen på uniformerna eller referenser till olika djur. Av någon anledning är varianter av hund, gris och kyckling vanliga.</p>
<p>Men nog med mitt snack. Ni får se själva istället. Jag beslöt mig för att sätta samman en liten lista nedan med slangord för polis och polisman på olika språk. Jag valde bara ett från varje språk. Ni kan se hela listan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_slang_terms_for_police_officers">här</a>. Huruvida man kan upptäcka samband mellan respektive lands slangord och dess relation till sin poliskår låter jag vara osagt men känn er gärna välkomna att göra er egen tolkning. Kom även ihåg att detta troligen är slangord som bör undvikas på utlandsvistelsen. I alla fall då en polis är i närheten!</p>
<p>Grekland: Batsi (knytnävsslag) </p>
<p>Turkiet: Asfalt Kovboyu (asfalts Cowboy) </p>
<p>Tyskland: Bulle (tjur)</p>
<p>Tjeckien: Chlupatí (människa med mycket kroppshår)</p>
<p>Ungern: Fakabát (trärock, syftar på vakthytter gjorda av trä som är placerade på gathörnen)</p>
<p>USA: Pig (gris)</p>
<p>UK (Liverpool): bizzies (de har alltid brått att hitta saker de kan lägga sig i)</p>
<p>Jamaica: Babylon (talspråk för etablissemang)</p>
<p>Australien: Blue Heelers (en hundras)</p>
<p>Argentina, Uruguay: boton (knapp, polismännen har traditionellt sett stora knappar i dessa länder)</p>
<p>Mozambique: Cinzentinhos (små gråa, anspelar på färgen på uniformerna)</p>
<p>Nederländerna: Chickens (kycklingar)</p>
<p>Italien: Sbirro (kackerlacka. Väldigt vulgärt. Använt endast av kriminella).</p>
<p>Skottland: Cocos (Rhyming slang som syftar på flingkaraktärerna Coco Pops vilket låter som cops)</p>
<p>Finland: Kyttä (någon som snokar eller stirrar)<img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/cuffsbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Spanien: La Joda (bråka inte med mig!)</p>
<p>Ryssland: Legawye (jakthund) </p>
<p>Indien: Mama (farbror, morbror. Är sarkastiskt.)</p>
<p>Singapore: Mata (öga)</p>
<p>Frankike: Poulet (kyckling)</p>
<p>Norska: Purk (sugga)</p>
<p>Portugal: Ratazanas (råttor)</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/what-not-to-call-cops-when-abroad">[English]</a></p>
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		<title>What not To Call Cops When Abroad</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/what-not-to-call-cops-when-abroad</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/what-not-to-call-cops-when-abroad#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jan 2012 10:00:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Popular words]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slang]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21779</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The law enforcers of the English speaking world go under many names. If you are on the search for slang words in other languages, police and policeman are probably good words to start with. ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/smilingpolicemanbig.jpg" alt="" align="left" /></p>
<p>Cop, copper, five-oh, Bobby, pigs, cheese. The law enforcers of the English speaking world go under many names. In fact, this is the case for most other countries in the world as well. If you are on the search for slang words in other languages, police and policeman are probably good words to start with. </p>
<p>People seem to love to come up with alternative terms for these. Of course one can only speculate about the reasons for this. Maybe it’s because people have respect for the police and are even a bit scared of them. As in many cases what you are scared of you tend to parody or ridicule to make it less frightening. Of course many slang words have their origin in criminal circles that through these terms express anger or use them as code words. It also seems common to refer to the colour of the uniforms or different animals. Dogs, pigs and chickens seem to be especially common. </p>
<p>But enough of my talk. You can see for yourself instead. I decided to put together a short list of slang words for police and policemen in different languages. I only picked one word from each language. You can see the entire list that I used <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_slang_terms_for_police_officers">here</a>. Whether it’s possible to find connections between each country’s slang words and its relationship to its police force I leave unsaid but please feel free to make your own interpretations. And remember that it’s probably not a good idea to use any of these words when abroad. At least not when a policeman is nearby!</p>
<p>Greece: Batsi (slap or punch)</p>
<p>Turkey: Asfalt Kovboyu (asphalt cowboy) </p>
<p>Germany: Bulle (bull)</p>
<p>Czech Republic: Chlupatí (a person with a lot of body hair)</p>
<p>Hungary: Fakabát (wooden coat, refers to the guard boots located on street corners)</p>
<p>USA: Pig</p>
<p>UK (Liverpool): bizzies (always busy to find things to interfere with)</p>
<p>Jamaica: Babylon (colloquial for establishment)</p>
<p>Australia: Blue Heelers (a dog breed)</p>
<p>Argentina, Uruguay: boton (button. The police officers in these countries traditionally have large buttons on their uniforms.)</p>
<p>Mozambique: Cinzentinhos (little grays, refers to the colour of their uniforms)</p>
<p>Netherlands: Chickens</p>
<p>Italy: Sbirro (roach. Very vulgar and mostly used by criminals).</p>
<p>Scotland: Cocos (Rhyming slang that refers to the cereal characters Coco Pops which sounds like cops)</p>
<p>Finland: Kyttä (someone who snoops or oggles) <img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/cuffsbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Spain: La Joda (don’t mess with me!)</p>
<p>Russia: Legawye (gun dog) </p>
<p>India: Mama (Uncle. Used in a sarcastic way)</p>
<p>Singapore:  Mata (eye)</p>
<p>France: Poulet (chicken)</p>
<p>Norway: Purk (sow)</p>
<p>Portugal: Ratazanas (rats)</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/svenska/vad-man-inte-ska-kalla-poliser-nar-man-ar-utomlands">[Svenska]</a></p>
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		<title>Čeština je výzva!</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/cestina-je-vyzva</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/cestina-je-vyzva#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Jan 2012 11:00:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Katerina</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Čeština]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[czech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Learning challenge]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21751</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Češtinu se moc lidí neučí. Proč taky – mluví se jí jenom v jednom státu, který je ještě ke všemu velmi malý, prohlídku Prahy můžete absolvovat anglicky a moře v Česku není. Občas ale ta štěbetavá řeč někoho zaujme natolik, že se rozhodne ji blíž poznat. Z toho mám jako česká rodilá mluvčí ohromnou radost [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/FlagCzechRepublicbig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>Češtinu se moc lidí neučí. Proč taky – mluví se jí jenom v jednom státu, který je ještě ke všemu velmi malý, prohlídku Prahy můžete absolvovat anglicky a moře v <a href="http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cesko">Česku</a> není. Občas ale ta štěbetavá řeč někoho zaujme natolik, že se rozhodne ji blíž poznat. Z toho mám jako česká rodilá mluvčí ohromnou radost a baví mě česky konverzovat s cizinci. Ale upřímně, čeština je fuška. Posuďte sami:</p>
<p>•	Anglická abeceda si vystačí s 26 znaky, česká má 34: Č Ď Ch Ň Ř Š Ť Ž. Nicméně v češtině si nemusíte dělat starosti s přízvukem – vždycky je na první slabice.</p>
<p>•	V češtině existují slova bez samohlásek – můžou za to slovotvorné R a L. Pokud vám někdo bude vysvětlovat, že „Chrt pln skvrn vtrh skrz trs chrp v čtvrť Krč.“ , chce se jenom vytáhnout, takhle v Česku nikdo nemluví. Slova bez samohlásek se tu nicméně běžně používají, jen pro ukázku: krk, čtvrt, prst, zmrzl…</p>
<p>•	Docela důležitá hláska je Ř. Kromě češtiny se vyskytuje snad jen v <a href="http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornolu%C5%BEick%C3%A1_srb%C5%A1tina">hornolužické srbštině</a>. O tom, jak je Ř záludné, si můžete přečíst na <a href="http://blogs.tschechien-online.org/2008/07/24/die-krux-mit-dem-r/#comment-1070">blogu</a> jedné německé studentky. Vlastní zkušenosti se ale samozřejmě nic nevyrovná.</p>
<p>•	Čeština má pro každý ze 7 pádů svoji koncovku, která je v každém rodě jiná. Ale zase díky tomu nemusíte používat tolik předložek! </p>
<p>•	Čeština samozřejmě přejala spoustu cizích slov jako televize, autor, charakter, centrum. Nicméně několik českých slov obohatilo jazyky jiné, třeba robot (Karel Čapek tohle slovo poprvé použil ve svém románu R.U.R.) a polka (český národní tanec v dvoučtvrťovém taktu).</p>
<p>•	Čeština je sice oficiální jazyk jenom v Česku, tzn. asi<img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/czechvillagebig.jpg" alt="" align="left" /> pro 10 miliónů lidí, ale Čechy potkáte i v rumunském <a href="http://www.banat.cz/">Banátu</a> – před skoro dvěma stoletími  tam odešli za lepšími prací (tehdy to nebylo zahraničí, ale Rakousko-Uhersko) a jejich potomci tam stále žijí a mluví perfektní češtinou – I přes dnešní 1000km vzdálenost od Česka.</p>
<p>Jestli se chcete učit češtinu, musíte počítat s tím, že se z ní nikdy nestane lingua franca a domluvíte se s ní jenom v Česku, s trochou úsilí snad ještě na Slovensku. Má složitou gramatiku, o výslovnosti ani nemluvě. Nicméně – Češi to o svém jazyku ví a dokážou ocenit ty, kteří se česky učí <img src='http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' />  A kromě toho – cestování po Česku je s češtinou vždycky pestřejší než poslouchání anglických průvodců. Čeština je výzva! </p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-is-a-challenge">[English]</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Czech is a challenge!</title>
		<link>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-is-a-challenge</link>
		<comments>http://www.lexiophiles.com/english/czech-is-a-challenge#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Jan 2012 11:00:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Katerina</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[czech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Learning challenge]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lexiophiles.com/?p=21747</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As a new great addition to our language community, let’s give a warm welcome to the Czech language! 
Czech is spoken just in one country; this birdsong-language is capable of engaging anyone interested in languages but be prepared because Czech could be a challenge!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/FlagCzechRepublicbig.jpg" alt="" align="left" /></p>
<p>There are not many people learning Czech. Which reasons should they have? Czech is spoken just in one country, you can visit Prague also in English and there is no sea in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</a>. But sometimes this birdsong-language engages somebody’s attention and he opts to know it closer. I – as a native Czech speaker – am excited about it and I like to talk with foreigners. But to be honest, Czech requires some hard work. See for yourselves:</p>
<p>•	English alphabet contains just 26 letters, the Czech one has 8 more: Č Ď Ch Ň Ř Š Ť Ž However, you don’t have to worry about the accent – in Czech the accent is always on the first syllable.</p>
<p>•	There are words without vocals in Czech, because R and L are also word-forming. If somebody wants to amaze you with the sentence „Chrt pln skvrn vtrh skrz trs chrp v čtvrť Krč.“ (Greyhound with smudges invaded through a clump the Prague quarter Krč.), don’t be afraid – this is not how Czech people speak. On the other hand – there are commonly used words without vocals e.g. krk (throat), čtvrt (quarter), prst (finger), zmrzl (he freezed) and so on.</p>
<p>•	Quite important is also the sound Ř. Apart from Czech, it also occurs in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Sorbian_language">Upper Sorbian language</a>. (As far as I know.) You can read more about this tricky sound on the <a href="http://blogs.tschechien-online.org/2008/07/24/die-krux-mit-dem-r/#comment-1070">blog</a> by a German student. But nothing compares to your own experience, of course.</p>
<p>•	Czech has 7 grammar cases and each one has a certain ending that varies according to the 3 grammar genders. Thanks to this you don’t have to use so many prepositions <img src='http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>•	There are a lot of borrowed words in Czech, e.g. televize, autor, charakter, centrum. Czech language is enriched by other languages, let’s mention robot (the word robot was used by Karel Čapek in his novel R.U.R. for the first time.) and polka (Czech national dance in two-four rhythm).</p>
<p>•	Czech is an official language just in the Czech Republic, e.g. for approximately 10 million people, but you can meet Czechs also in Romania in the region <a href="http://czechfolks.com/2009/01/26/learn-about-czech-heritage-in-banat-romania-poznejte-ceske-kulturni-dedictvi-v-rumunskem-banatu/ ">Banat</a>. How is it possible? Nearly 200 years ago some Czech people went there to find better conditions for farming (in that time they moved within one country: Austro-Hungarian empire) and their offspring are still living there and they speak perfect Czech – despite the today’s 1000 km distance from the Czech Republic. <img style="margin: 10px;" src="http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/czechvillagebig.jpg" alt="" align="right" /></p>
<p>If you really want to learn the Czech language, you must know that Czech is not a lingua franca and you can make yourself understood just in the Czech Republic and with some extra effort in Slovakia. Czech has difficult grammar rules and pronunciation but Czech people know this and they really appreciate the foreigners that are learning Czech!  Furthermore, travelling through my country while speaking Czech is much better than listening to English guides <img src='http://www.lexiophiles.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' />  Czech is a challenge!</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.lexiophiles.com/cestina/cestina-je-vyzva">[Čeština]</a></p>
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